Characteristics

Barnacles are crustaceans related to crabs, lobsters, and shrimps. Each barnacle piece is formed from genuine marine growth, showcasing organic textures, unique formations, and naturally occurring imperfections. Variations in shape, colour, and surface detail are intrinsic and highlight the authenticity of the material.

Common Issues or Risks

Barnacle structures are inherently fragile and prone to chipping, flaking, or breaking if mishandled. Exposure to moisture or direct sunlight may result in discolouration, weakening, or drying out of the surface. The porous nature of barnacles makes them sensitive to environmental changes.

Preventative Care

Position barnacle pieces in a stable location away from high-traffic areas or vibration-prone surfaces. Use felt pads or soft bases beneath the piece to avoid scratching underlying furniture. Avoid stacking or placing items on top of barnacle surfaces.

Cleaning Instructions

Dust gently using a soft, dry brush or lint-free cloth to remove surface debris without disturbing delicate edges. Avoid using water or any cleaning solutions. For stubborn dust, use a gentle air blower or soft paintbrush to clean hard-to-reach areas.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Avoid exposure to water, humidity, or direct sunlight. Do not use chemical or abrasive cleaners. Do not soak or wipe with damp cloths. Avoid impact or pressure—do not place heavy objects on or against barnacle surfaces. Store with protective padding when not on display.

Characteristics

Feather-filled cushions offer a luxurious, soft feel and natural loft. They respond well to regular maintenance and mould to the shape of use, offering comfort with a relaxed, casual appearance. Natural variation in feather distribution is to be expected.

Common Issues or Risks

Without regular care, feather inserts may become flat, unevenly distributed, or sag over time. Excess moisture can cause clumping or odour. Exposure to sunlight may fade outer fabrics and dry out feather fill. Repeated pressure in one area may compress the fill unevenly.

Preventative Care

Fluff cushions daily by hand or give them a gentle shake to maintain shape. Rotate and plump cushions regularly to promote even wear. Avoid sitting or leaning on the same spot consistently. Use removable covers where possible and follow care instructions to preserve hygiene and extend product life.

Cleaning Instructions

Vacuum regularly using a soft brush attachment to remove dust, lint, and debris. Spot clean spills immediately with a damp cloth and mild fabric cleaner—always check the fabric care label first. Allow items to air out regularly and ensure they remain dry.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Avoid excessive moisture or steam cleaning, as this can cause feathers to clump or develop odour. Do not store cushions in plastic or airtight containers—allow airflow to prevent mildew. Keep out of direct sunlight to prevent fading and feather dryness. For larger or fixed-upholstery items, professional cleaning is recommended periodically.

Characteristics

Jute is a durable, plant-based natural fibre known for its earthy texture and organic appeal. Its tactile weave adds natural warmth to interiors, though it is more delicate than synthetic fibres.

Common Issues or Risks

Jute is highly absorbent and prone to staining, darkening, or warping when exposed to moisture. Humid environments may cause mildew. Prolonged sunlight can cause fading and brittleness.

Preventative Care

Vacuum regularly with a soft brush attachment to remove dust and debris. Avoid placing jute items in damp areas or direct sunlight. Use furniture pads or covers in high-traffic zones to reduce wear. Rotate décor regularly to prevent uneven fading and pressure marks.

Cleaning Instructions

Blot spills immediately with a clean, dry cloth. Do not use excessive moisture—avoid wet or steam cleaning. For light stains, apply a small amount of mild soap foam with a dry cloth; always spot test first. Trim any loose fibres with scissors—never pull.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Avoid soaking, high humidity, and harsh cleaners. Do not pull loose threads. Professional dry cleaning is recommended for thorough cleaning by specialists familiar with natural fibres.

Characteristics

Loom paper is a durable yet lightweight material made from twisted paper fibres woven into structured designs. It has a soft, natural texture with subtle variations, highlighting its handcrafted quality.

Common Issues or Risks

Excess moisture, humidity, or prolonged sun exposure may cause the weave to weaken, fade, warp, or become brittle over time. Pressure from sharp or heavy objects may stretch or distort the weave. Dragging furniture can stress the woven joints and cause breakage.

Preventative Care

Place furniture in a dry, well-ventilated space away from direct sunlight and damp conditions. Use cushions or felt pads to minimise pressure on seating surfaces and protect from distortion. Always lift furniture when repositioning. Address minor snags or tears early with professional repair to maintain integrity.

Cleaning Instructions

Dust regularly with a soft, dry cloth or vacuum gently using a brush attachment. For light cleaning, wipe carefully with a slightly damp cloth—do not oversaturate. Allow to dry completely in a shaded, well-aired environment.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Do not use harsh chemicals, abrasive cleaners, or excessive water, as these can weaken paper fibres. Avoid exposing pieces to high humidity or direct sun. Do not place heavy or sharp items directly on the weave. Refrain from dragging woven furniture across floors, as this may damage joints and warp the structure.

Characteristics

Crafted from natural leaf fibres, each piece features organic variations in colour, tone, and texture. Visible fibre strands, subtle stains, and natural imperfections are inherent and contribute to the raw, handcrafted aesthetic.

Common Issues or Risks

Natural fibres are sensitive to environmental conditions. Prolonged exposure to direct sunlight can cause discolouration and brittleness. High humidity may lead to swelling, mould growth, or weakening of the material. Over time, some fibres may become brittle or fray with regular use.

Preventative Care

Position items away from direct sunlight, heat sources, and damp environments. Ensure airflow around the piece to prevent moisture build-up. Rotate decorative items occasionally to allow for even ageing. Use felt protectors underneath heavier objects placed on woven fibre surfaces.

Cleaning Instructions

Dust weekly with a soft-bristle brush or vacuum using a brush attachment to remove debris from crevices. Spot clean with a clean, damp cloth and mild detergent. Blot rather than rub stains to prevent fibre damage. Allow to dry naturally in a shaded, well-ventilated space.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Avoid prolonged exposure to direct sunlight or moisture. Do not soak, pressure-clean, or steam clean. Do not scrub or use harsh chemicals. Avoid placing items outdoors or in areas with poor ventilation. If fibres become loose, secure gently using a small amount of clear-drying adhesive.

Characteristics

Papier-mâché is a lightweight, handcrafted material made from layered paper and adhesive. Each piece features individual variations—such as visible cracks, clumps, and slight flaking—that contribute to its artisanal and sculptural quality.

Common Issues or Risks

Due to its delicate structure, papier-mâché is prone to cracking, flaking, and warping if exposed to moisture or sudden impact. Prolonged exposure to sunlight may lead to fading or surface dryness, increasing the risk of deterioration.

Preventative Care

Display in a dry, indoor environment away from moisture and direct sunlight. Position pieces in low-traffic areas to minimise the risk of knocks or accidental damage. When not in use, wrap in soft fabric or acid-free tissue and store in a stable, protected location to prevent dust build-up and scratches.

Cleaning Instructions

Dust gently using a dry, soft cloth or a gentle brush. Do not use damp cloths, cleaning sprays, or liquids, as papier-mâché is highly sensitive to moisture.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Avoid all exposure to water, high humidity, or wet cleaning methods. Do not place in direct sunlight for extended periods. Handle carefully to prevent chipping or surface cracks. Do not stack or place heavy objects on papier-mâché pieces.

Characteristics

Rattan is a natural, flexible vine known for its lightweight strength and tactile beauty. Each type, whether kubu, selimit, manao, peel, or CL, brings unique texture and tone. Its organic nature adds warmth and character to any setting but requires mindful care to preserve its integrity.

Common Issues or Risks

Natural rattan is sensitive to environmental changes. Exposure to direct sunlight, humidity, or rain can cause fading, warping, cracking, or mould. Fibres may gradually loosen or fray over time, particularly in humid or damp conditions.

Preventative Care

Avoid prolonged exposure to moisture. Maintain good airflow around the piece, especially in humid environments. Use foot protectors or risers to elevate furniture off damp or muddy ground. In semi-outdoor settings, position rattan away from direct sun and rain. Selimit and kubu are particularly vulnerable to moisture and should be kept in dry, undercover areas. Cover with breathable outdoor covers when not in use for extended periods. Ensure furniture is completely dry before covering or storing.

Cleaning Instructions

Dust regularly using a soft cloth, brush, or vacuum with a brush attachment. For deeper cleaning, gently wipe with a damp cloth and mild, non-acidic soap. Always rinse with a clean damp cloth and dry thoroughly. Use a soft brush to reach between weaves and remove trapped dust.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Do not soak or leave moisture sitting on the surface. Avoid harsh chemicals, bleach, or abrasive scrubbers, which can damage fibres or strip the protective finish. Avoid placing heavy or sharp-edged objects on woven surfaces to prevent indentations or stretching. Do not store in plastic or non-breathable covers, as this can trap moisture and encourage mould growth.

Characteristics

Terracotta is a porous, natural clay material known for its earthy tone and artisanal appearance. It may feature surface variation and a matte or rustic finish, particularly in unglazed pieces. These natural characteristics contribute to its handcrafted charm.

Common Issues or Risks

Terracotta is relatively fragile and can chip or crack if dropped or knocked. Unglazed terracotta is especially porous, making it vulnerable to staining, moisture absorption, and thermal shock. Exposure to harsh weather or extreme temperature shifts can cause damage over time.

Preventative Care

Place felt pads or coasters underneath to protect surfaces from scratches and moisture rings. For vessels used with water or live plants, use an internal liner to prevent seepage. Store or display in dry, sheltered areas, particularly if used outdoors. Seal unglazed terracotta periodically to enhance resistance to moisture and staining.

Cleaning Instructions

Dust regularly with a soft, dry cloth. Clean using a damp cloth and mild soap, then dry thoroughly. Avoid soaking unglazed pieces. Use gentle motions and avoid over-wetting the surface.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Avoid harsh chemicals, abrasive scrubbers, or metal scouring pads. Do not expose to prolonged direct sunlight, which can dry or fade the surface. Prevent sudden temperature changes, particularly for unglazed items, as this may cause cracking. Do not leave terracotta outdoors in wet or freezing conditions without adequate protection.

Characteristics

Ceramic pieces often feature handcrafted finishes with natural variations in glaze, texture, and colour. These details are part of the material’s artisanal character and may differ slightly from piece to piece.

Common Issues or Risks

Ceramic is breakable and can chip, crack, or shatter if dropped or knocked. Glazed or painted surfaces are prone to scratching if cleaned with abrasive tools. Sudden changes in temperature may cause thermal shock, leading to internal cracks.

Preventative Care

Position ceramic items on stable surfaces away from edges or high-traffic areas. Use soft felt pads or protective bases underneath to avoid scratching furniture. Avoid placing hot items on cold ceramic or vice versa. When stacking, place padding or cloth between items to prevent damage.

Cleaning Instructions

Dust regularly with a soft, dry cloth. For general cleaning, wipe with a damp cloth and mild detergent, then rinse and dry thoroughly. Avoid using scouring pads or harsh chemicals that may damage the surface.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Do not use abrasive cleaners or metal scrubbers. Avoid exposing pieces to direct sunlight for extended periods, which may cause fading or discolouration of decorative finishes. Always check if the item is food-safe or dishwasher-safe before use. Avoid stacking without protective layers.

Characteristics

Lavastone is a naturally porous volcanic material valued for its strength and distinctive texture. When glazed, it forms a smooth, durable surface with unique tonal variation and subtle imperfections that enhance its organic aesthetic.

Common Issues or Risks

The glazed surface can be scratched or dulled by abrasive tools or harsh cleaners. Acidic substances may cause etching or staining if not wiped promptly. Sudden temperature changes, especially in outdoor settings, may lead to stress fractures or micro-cracks over time.

Preventative Care

Use coasters, placemats, and trivets to protect against heat, stains, and surface wear. Avoid placing sharp or heavy objects directly on glazed lavastone. For outdoor use, cover during extreme weather—particularly frost—to prolong the material’s integrity. Unglazed lavastone should be sealed periodically to enhance resistance to moisture and stains.

Cleaning Instructions

Clean regularly with a soft cloth and mild soap solution. Wipe spills immediately, especially acidic substances like wine, citrus, or vinegar. Avoid abrasive scrubbers or acidic cleaners, which can damage or dull the glazed finish. Always dry the surface after cleaning.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Avoid dragging objects across the surface or using rough sponges, as this may cause scratches. Do not expose lavastone to sudden changes in temperature. Avoid bleach, ammonia, or acid-based cleaners. Allow the natural character of the stone, including minor variation and texture, to develop over time.

Characteristics

Limestone is a natural sedimentary stone with a soft, matte finish and earthy colour variation. Each piece features subtle veining, texture, and tonal shifts that enhance its organic, timeless appeal. Its porous nature requires mindful care to preserve its appearance and durability.

Common Issues or Risks

Limestone is sensitive to acidic substances and may stain or etch if spills are not addressed promptly. Without regular sealing, the surface can absorb moisture, leading to discolouration, dullness, or surface wear. It is also vulnerable to scratches or chipping from impact or dragging.

Preventative Care

Use coasters, placemats, and trivets to protect the surface from heat, liquids, and scratches. Avoid placing heavy or sharp items directly on the surface. Seal the stone every 6–12 months to enhance resistance to stains and wear. For outdoor pieces, use protective covers and store indoors during heavy rain or frost. Avoid prolonged direct sun exposure to minimise fading.

Cleaning Instructions

Wipe with a soft, damp cloth and a pH-neutral soap solution. Dry thoroughly after cleaning to prevent water spots and surface moisture. Blot spills immediately—especially acidic substances such as wine, citrus, coffee, or vinegar—to avoid etching or staining.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Do not use acidic or abrasive cleaners, bleach, or ammonia-based products. Avoid dragging objects across the surface to prevent scratches or chipping. Prevent exposure to harsh weather and maintain consistent care to preserve the stone’s natural finish and character.

Characteristics

Marble is a soft, natural stone admired for its elegant veining, smooth finish, and subtle tonal variation. Its timeless beauty is enhanced by a developing patina and natural surface character that evolves with use.

Common Issues or Risks

Marble is highly porous and susceptible to staining, etching, and surface dulling—particularly from acidic substances. It may scratch or chip if exposed to impact or abrasive contact. Prolonged sunlight can also cause fading or discolouration.

Preventative Care

Place marble furniture in stable indoor settings, away from direct sunlight and heavy-use areas. Use coasters, placemats, and trivets to protect against heat, liquids, and scratches. Seal surfaces every 6–12 months to reduce moisture absorption and staining. Avoid dragging heavy or sharp objects across the stone.

Cleaning Instructions

Dust regularly with a soft, dry cloth to maintain the surface sheen. For routine cleaning, use a damp cloth and pH-neutral cleaner, then dry thoroughly to prevent water spots or streaks. Blot spills immediately—especially from wine, citrus, coffee, vinegar, or oil—to minimise the risk of etching or permanent stains.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Avoid acidic, abrasive, or ammonia-based cleaners, which can damage the finish. Do not soak marble surfaces or expose them to harsh conditions. Use added protection in high-impact or high-traffic areas, as marble is softer than many other natural stones and can wear more easily over time.

Characteristics

Travertine is a natural, porous limestone with a distinctive surface marked by natural pits, veining, and tonal variation. Each piece reflects the stone’s organic origin, offering a timeless and earthy aesthetic ideal for both classic and contemporary interiors.

Common Issues or Risks

Travertine is vulnerable to etching, staining, and scratching due to its soft, porous nature. Acidic substances and harsh cleaners can damage the surface, while dragging heavy or sharp items may result in chips or abrasions. Prolonged sun or moisture exposure can cause surface breakdown or discolouration.

Preventative Care

Use coasters, placemats, trays, and heat-resistant pads to protect against spills, heat, and scratches. Seal the surface every 6–12 months to increase resistance to stains and moisture. Avoid direct sunlight and harsh outdoor conditions; cover or place outdoor pieces under shelter when not in use.

Cleaning Instructions

Clean with a soft cloth and pH-neutral soap solution. Wipe spills immediately—especially from acidic liquids like wine, juice, or vinegar—to prevent staining or etching. Always dry the surface thoroughly after cleaning to avoid water marks and moisture absorption.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Avoid acidic or abrasive cleaners, bleach, or ammonia, which can erode the stone. Do not drag items across the surface, and prevent contact with rough or sharp objects. Protect from extreme weather and UV exposure to preserve the stone’s integrity and appearance.

Characteristics

Concrete and tadelakt surfaces offer a smooth, sculptural aesthetic with natural tonal variation and subtle texture. While durable, these materials are porous and typically sealed to resist moisture and stains. Each piece may feature natural movement, fine hairline cracks, or a soft patina over time.

Common Issues or Risks

Concrete and tadelakt can be sensitive to acidic substances and extreme temperature changes, which may damage the surface or sealant. Without proper care, surfaces may stain, scratch, or develop discolouration from prolonged exposure to moisture or direct heat.

Preventative Care

Place pieces indoors or in protected outdoor spaces. If used fully outdoors, cover during harsh weather or when not in use to prevent damage. Use coasters, placemats, and heat-resistant pads to protect against spills, scratches, and temperature shifts. Do not use the surface for cutting, and avoid placing hot or acidic items directly on it.

Cleaning Instructions

Wipe regularly with a damp cloth and mild soap. Avoid acidic or abrasive cleaners, which can degrade the sealant. If acidic substances such as vinegar, citrus juice, or cola come into contact with the surface, rinse immediately with warm water and dry thoroughly.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Do not use bleach, ammonia, or harsh chemical cleaners. Avoid exposing the surface to extreme temperature fluctuations or moisture pooling. Never cut directly on the surface, and always lift objects rather than dragging them to prevent scratches or chips.

Characteristics

Fibre cement is a durable composite material with a refined matte finish and a modern, industrial aesthetic. It offers excellent structural integrity and weather resistance when sealed, with natural variation and soft textural movement that develops character over time.

Common Issues or Risks

Fibre cement is porous and can absorb moisture or stain if left unsealed or exposed to damp environments. Harsh cleaning agents or rough handling may damage the surface. Prolonged contact with soil, grass, or pooled water can weaken the material over time.

Preventative Care

Place furniture on dry, level surfaces—avoid direct contact with grass or soil outdoors. Use coasters, placemats, and trivets to protect against scratches, stains, and heat. Cover or store pieces during heavy rain or extreme temperature changes. Reapply a fibre cement-safe sealant annually to maintain moisture and stain resistance.

Cleaning Instructions

Wipe regularly with a damp cloth and mild soap to remove dirt and dust. Use only soft cloths or non-abrasive sponges, and dry thoroughly after cleaning to prevent water spots or absorption. Avoid scrubbing with rough materials.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Do not use acidic or harsh chemical cleaners, bleach, or abrasive tools. Avoid dragging heavy or sharp objects across the surface, and prevent extended exposure to wet ground or pooled water. Expect subtle surface wear and natural weathering over time as part of the fibre cement’s character.

Characteristics

Concrete and GRC (Glass-Reinforced Concrete) are durable materials with a raw, sculptural look and natural tonal variation. Both materials are often sealed to resist stains and moisture, while retaining a tactile, matte finish. Fine hairline cracks and subtle surface patina may develop over time, adding to their character.

Common Issues or Risks

Concrete and GRC are porous and can absorb liquids if not properly sealed. Acidic or coloured substances may stain the surface. Harsh weather, UV exposure, or temperature fluctuations may cause fading, cracking, or sealant wear, particularly in outdoor environments.

Preventative Care

Use coasters, placemats, and trays to protect the surface from scratches, moisture, and heat. Avoid placing sharp, heavy, or abrasive items directly on the surface. Seal the piece every 6–12 months with a suitable concrete-safe sealant to maintain resistance to stains and moisture. Use felt pads or protective feet to prevent damage to floors and reduce stress from impact.

Cleaning Instructions

Clean regularly with a soft cloth and mild soap diluted in water. Wipe spills immediately—especially wine, citrus, oils, or other acidic substances—to prevent permanent marks. Avoid abrasive scrubbers or steel wool, which can damage the surface or strip the sealant. Dry thoroughly after cleaning.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Do not use harsh chemicals, bleach, or solvent-based cleaners. Avoid dragging objects across the surface to minimise wear on the finish. For outdoor pieces, protect from prolonged direct sunlight and weather exposure. Store indoors or cover when not in use to preserve surface integrity.

Characteristics

Magnesium oxide is a lightweight, durable material with a refined stone-like appearance. It is naturally resistant to mould and mildew, making it suitable for both indoor and outdoor use. Its matte finish and mineral-based texture contribute to a contemporary aesthetic.

Common Issues or Risks

Although resistant to many environmental factors, prolonged exposure to excessive moisture may affect the material’s longevity. Salt air, standing water, and harsh impacts can cause surface wear or staining. Hot objects may leave marks if placed directly on the surface.

Preventative Care

Position pieces in well-ventilated, sheltered areas—such as under patios or pergolas—to protect from excessive rain and UV exposure. Use coasters or placemats to protect the surface from heat and spills. In coastal locations, periodically wipe down surfaces to prevent salt build-up. During extreme weather, cover or store the item to minimise wear.

Cleaning Instructions

Dust regularly with a soft, dry cloth. For general cleaning, use a damp cloth with mild soap, then dry immediately with a clean, absorbent towel. Avoid pooling water or prolonged dampness on the surface.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Do not use abrasive scrubbers, scouring pads, or harsh chemicals. Avoid dragging the piece—always lift when repositioning. Do not leave exposed to standing water. Wipe surfaces dry after rainfall. Avoid placing hot items directly on the surface, as this may cause heat marks or discolouration.

Characteristics

Polyhyacinth is a synthetic woven material engineered for strength and visual similarity to natural water hyacinth. It is lightweight, flexible, and suitable for both indoor and sheltered outdoor use. Its textured finish offers a natural look with increased durability.

Common Issues or Risks

Prolonged exposure to sunlight may cause fading or brittleness. Excess moisture, if not dried thoroughly, can lead to mildew or weakening of the weave. Physical stress or heavy objects may distort or damage the woven structure over time.

Preventative Care

Keep polyhyacinth pieces out of direct sunlight for extended periods. Use furniture covers or store indoors when not in use, especially during harsh weather. Rotate accessories or cushions regularly to ensure even wear. Avoid placing heavy or sharp objects on the weave, and lift rather than drag the furniture to preserve its structure. Inspect woven areas periodically and trim loose strands with scissors.

Cleaning Instructions

Dust regularly with a soft, dry cloth or vacuum gently using a brush attachment. For light cleaning, wipe with a damp cloth and mild soap solution, then dry thoroughly to prevent moisture retention. Do not soak or over-wet the material.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Avoid abrasive cleaning tools or harsh chemical cleaners, as these can damage the weave or alter the finish. Do not expose the furniture to constant moisture or direct sunlight. Do not pull loose fibres—trim them cleanly. Refrain from placing items outdoors in unsheltered environments for extended periods.

Characteristics

Polyrattan is a durable synthetic fibre that replicates the look of natural rattan while offering enhanced resistance to moisture, UV exposure, and general wear. It’s designed for outdoor use and requires minimal maintenance compared to natural rattan.

Common Issues or Risks

Polyrattan can become brittle or faded if exposed to prolonged direct sunlight and harsh weather. Accumulated dirt and debris between the weaves can also affect appearance and longevity if not cleaned regularly.

Preventative Care

Place furniture in shaded or semi-covered outdoor areas where possible. Use breathable outdoor covers when not in use for extended periods. Always ensure furniture is clean and completely dry before covering or storing to prevent trapped moisture.

Cleaning Instructions

Dust regularly with a soft cloth, soft-bristle brush, or vacuum with a brush attachment. For deeper cleaning, wipe with a damp cloth and mild, non-acidic soap. Rinse thoroughly and allow to air dry in a shaded area. Avoid over-saturating or allowing water to collect inside hollow frames.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Avoid using bleach, harsh chemicals, or abrasive tools, which can damage the surface. Refrain from placing heavy or sharp objects on the weave to prevent distortion. Do not store furniture in plastic or non-breathable covers, as this can trap moisture and lead to mould or discolouration.

Characteristics

Resin is a versatile, mouldable material with a smooth, often glossy finish. It is lightweight and can mimic the look of stone, glass, or lacquered surfaces. With proper care, resin maintains its clarity and appearance over time.

Common Issues or Risks

Resin is sensitive to heat, UV exposure, and abrasion. Prolonged exposure to direct sunlight may cause discolouration or yellowing. High temperatures can soften the surface, while impacts or pressure may cause chips or cracks. Abrasive cleaning can dull the finish.

Preventative Care

Position resin pieces away from direct sunlight and heat sources. Use coasters, placemats, and soft pads to protect against spills, scratches, and pressure marks. Store indoors or cover during extreme weather if placed outdoors. Avoid placing heavy or sharp objects directly on resin surfaces.

Cleaning Instructions

Wipe regularly with a soft cloth and mild soap diluted in water. For tougher grime, gently clean using a non-abrasive sponge or microfibre cloth. Dry immediately after cleaning. Polish occasionally with a resin-safe polish or soft cloth to maintain shine.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Avoid abrasive cleaners, scouring pads, or harsh chemicals that can scratch or cloud the surface. Do not place hot items directly on resin, as high heat can cause warping or deformation. Avoid dragging objects across the surface. Handle with care to prevent chipping or cracking.

Characteristics

Aluminium is a lightweight, durable, and corrosion-resistant metal, ideal for both indoor and outdoor use. When powder-coated, it offers added protection and a refined, uniform finish that withstands everyday exposure.

Common Issues or Risks

In coastal or high-salt environments, airborne particles may accumulate and cause surface degradation over time if not cleaned regularly. Chips or scratches in the protective coating can expose the metal underneath, increasing the risk of corrosion in those areas.

Preventative Care

Cover furniture during long periods of non-use or in harsh weather conditions to extend its lifespan. Place protective foot pads or mats beneath aluminium items on abrasive surfaces to prevent scratching or base wear. Regularly inspect powder-coated surfaces for chips and touch up with suitable paint as required.

Cleaning Instructions

Wipe regularly with a soft cloth or sponge using mild soap and warm water. Rinse thoroughly to remove all residue and dry immediately with a clean towel to avoid water spots. In coastal areas, rinse weekly with fresh water to remove salt build-up. For deeper cleans, use a non-abrasive, pH-neutral cleaner.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Do not use abrasive tools, scouring pads, or harsh chemicals, as these can damage the finish. Avoid allowing standing water or salt residue to remain on the surface for prolonged periods. Do not place aluminium directly on rough surfaces without protection.

Characteristics

Antique brass features a warm, aged finish with a naturally developed patina that adds character and depth over time. Each piece may include tonal variation, subtle surface texture, and a gently worn appearance, which contribute to its vintage appeal.

Common Issues or Risks

Without maintenance, antique brass can lose its protective layer and become dull or spotty. Rust stains may develop if exposed to prolonged moisture. Over-cleaning or harsh abrasion may lighten the patina and affect the surface finish.

Preventative Care

Apply a thin layer of food-grade linseed or mineral oil periodically to nourish the surface and preserve the finish. Wipe off excess oil with a soft cloth to prevent residue buildup. Handle with clean, dry hands to minimise fingerprint marks or moisture exposure.

Cleaning Instructions

Clean gently with a soft cloth. If rust spots appear, lightly rub the affected area with fine-grade steel wool, then clean and reapply a protective oil layer. Always buff with a clean cloth to maintain a smooth, polished appearance.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Avoid excessive scouring, harsh chemicals, or abrasive tools, as these may remove or alter the patina. Do not soak brass items or leave them exposed to standing moisture. Accept and embrace natural darkening over time, which enhances the antique character of the piece.

Characteristics

Iron is a strong, long-lasting metal with an industrial and timeless aesthetic. When left raw or finished with oil or powder coating, it develops a natural patina and depth. While durable, iron is susceptible to rust if not properly maintained, particularly in humid or coastal environments.

Common Issues or Risks

Exposure to moisture, salt air, or damage to the finish can lead to rust and surface deterioration. Chips or cracks in powder coating may expose the metal underneath, making it vulnerable to corrosion over time.

Preventative Care

Apply food-grade linseed or mineral oil periodically to maintain the finish and help protect against rust. Always wipe off excess oil to prevent build-up. In powder-coated pieces, inspect regularly for chips or scratches and touch up as required to preserve the protective barrier. Extra care is recommended in coastal or high-humidity areas.

Cleaning Instructions

Wipe clean with a soft, dry or slightly damp cloth. For raw or oiled iron, reapply a light coat of oil after cleaning to maintain the finish. Avoid leaving moisture on the surface. For rust spots, gently rub with fine-grade steel wool, then reapply oil.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Avoid excessive moisture exposure and do not leave iron pieces in rain or wet environments for extended periods. Do not use harsh chemicals, abrasive cleaners, or allow standing water to sit on the surface. Use in undercover outdoor areas only, and cover when not in use to prolong the life of the finish.

Characteristics

Powder-coated iron features a durable, protective finish that resists corrosion, UV damage, and general weathering. The coating forms a hard, even layer over the metal, making it suitable for indoor and undercover outdoor use.

Common Issues or Risks

While powder coating adds protection, environmental factors—especially in coastal areas—can compromise its integrity. Salt air and moisture may settle on the surface or penetrate minor imperfections, eventually exposing the underlying iron to rust and corrosion.

Preventative Care

Place furniture in sheltered or semi-enclosed outdoor areas to limit exposure to rain, sea spray, and direct sunlight. Clean regularly with fresh water to remove salt and environmental residue, particularly in coastal settings. Inspect surfaces routinely for chips or scratches and touch up promptly to prevent corrosion.

Cleaning Instructions

Wipe with a soft cloth and mild soap solution as required. Rinse with clean water to remove dust or salt build-up, and dry thoroughly. Avoid abrasive pads, harsh chemicals, or solvents, as these can damage or degrade the powder-coated surface.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Do not leave powder-coated furniture exposed to harsh weather for extended periods. Avoid dragging items across the surface or using abrasive cleaners that can scratch or weaken the coating. In coastal regions, increase the frequency of cleaning and inspection to extend product longevity.

Characteristics

Stainless steel is a strong, corrosion-resistant material with a sleek, polished finish. It offers a modern, clean aesthetic and is commonly used in both functional and decorative applications.

Common Issues or Risks

Without regular maintenance, stainless steel may develop water spots, surface stains, or dullness. In humid or coastal environments, prolonged exposure to moisture can lead to minor surface corrosion over time.

Preventative Care

Keep items in a dry, well-ventilated area to minimise the risk of rust or tarnish. Apply a light coating of linseed or mineral oil periodically to maintain the sheen and enhance resistance to oxidation. Use protective pads beneath metal objects to prevent scratching other surfaces.

Cleaning Instructions

Hand wash with mild soap and warm water. Rinse thoroughly and dry with a clean cloth to avoid water spots. For added shine, polish periodically using a soft cloth and a small amount of oil. Always wipe in the direction of the grain, if visible.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Do not use abrasive cleaners, steel wool, or harsh chemicals, as these can scratch or dull the surface. Avoid leaving stainless steel wet or exposed to salty air for extended periods. Do not store in damp or enclosed environments without ventilation.

Characteristics

Aniline leather is a premium, untreated hide dyed with soluble colour that preserves the leather’s natural grain, texture, and markings. Soft and luxurious to the touch, it develops a rich patina and unique character over time.

Common Issues or Risks

Due to its porous nature and lack of surface coating, aniline leather is highly sensitive to moisture, oils, and UV exposure. Spills, body oils, and direct sunlight can cause staining, fading, or drying. Natural imperfections and tonal variation are to be expected and embraced.

Preventative Care

Keep furniture away from direct sunlight, heating vents, and air conditioners to prevent fading and cracking. Apply a high-quality leather protector formulated for aniline leather to help resist staining. Rotate cushions and seating positions regularly to promote even ageing and wear.

Cleaning Instructions

Wipe gently with a soft, dry cloth or a lightly dampened cloth using distilled water only. Blot spills immediately without rubbing to avoid spreading moisture. Condition the leather every 3–6 months with a specialised leather conditioner to maintain softness and suppleness.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Avoid harsh cleaners, alcohol-based products, detergents, or abrasive cloths, all of which can damage the surface. Do not soak or scrub the leather. Protect from contact with skincare products, dark fabrics, and sharp objects to preserve its natural finish.

Characteristics

Semi-aniline leather is a high-quality, partially pigmented leather that retains much of its natural texture while offering improved stain resistance over full aniline hides. It features a soft, supple surface with subtle colour variation and will develop a natural patina over time.

Common Issues or Risks

This leather type is still porous and can absorb oils, creams, and dyes from other materials. Prolonged exposure to sunlight or heat can lead to fading, drying, or cracking. Uneven use may cause some areas to age more quickly than others.

Preventative Care

Position furniture away from direct sunlight, heaters, and air vents to preserve colour and softness. Use caution with dark denim, body oils, or skincare products, which may stain the surface. If used on seating, rotate cushions and adjust placement periodically to encourage even wear.

Cleaning Instructions

Dust regularly with a soft, dry cloth to remove surface particles. Condition periodically using a high-quality leather conditioner formulated specifically for semi-aniline leather to maintain suppleness and prevent drying. Avoid water, soap, or alcohol-based cleaners.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Do not use detergents, solvents, or general-purpose cleaners. Avoid soaking or scrubbing the leather, and do not use abrasive cloths or brushes. Take care when wearing dark clothing or applying lotions near the leather, as transfer may occur.

Characteristics

Painted leather features a protective topcoat that provides a uniform colour and enhanced durability. This coating helps resist stains and marks while preserving a sleek, modern look. Though more resistant than aniline leathers, painted leather still requires careful handling to maintain its appearance.

Common Issues or Risks

The painted surface can crack, fade, or peel if exposed to harsh cleaning products, excessive moisture, or prolonged sunlight. Rubbing or pressure from sharp or heavy objects may cause indentation or damage to the topcoat.

Preventative Care

Place furniture away from direct sunlight, heating vents, and areas with extreme temperature fluctuations. Avoid placing heavy or sharp items directly on the surface. Maintain stable indoor humidity and use leather-safe products specifically designed for painted finishes.

Cleaning Instructions

Dust regularly with a soft, dry cloth. For light marks, gently wipe with a slightly damp cloth using distilled water—never over-wet the surface. Use only leather-safe cleaners made for painted leather, and always test in a concealed area first. Blot spills immediately with a clean, dry cloth; do not rub.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Avoid alcohol-based products, abrasive cleaners, oils, waxes, or silicone-based polishes, all of which may damage or alter the painted finish. Do not scrub or soak the leather. Professional leather cleaning is recommended annually to maintain long-term appearance and surface integrity.

Characteristics

Cotton is a natural, breathable fibre known for its softness and versatility. It is comfortable, easy to care for, and widely used in both casual and refined settings.

Common Issues or Risks

Cotton may shrink when exposed to high heat, and colours can fade with prolonged sunlight. Moisture retention in humid environments can lead to mould or mildew if not properly aired. Harsh stain removers may weaken the fibres or affect dye integrity.

Preventative Care

Vacuum or brush regularly with a soft attachment to remove dust and maintain freshness. Use in well-ventilated, dry indoor areas. Rotate removable covers in high-use areas for even wear. Apply a fabric protector (after spot-testing) to help resist stains.

Cleaning Instructions

Machine wash removable covers in cold or warm water with a mild detergent. Tumble dry on low heat or air dry flat. Iron on medium heat if required. For spot cleaning, blot gently with a soft cloth and mild soap solution—avoid rubbing.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Avoid hot water, high heat drying, bleach, or harsh chemical cleaners. Keep out of direct sunlight to reduce the risk of fading or fibre degradation.

Characteristics

Linen is a natural fibre known for its breathability, texture, and timeless appeal. It softens over time and develops a lived-in look that enhances its relaxed, organic character. Wrinkling is a natural feature of linen and part of its charm.

Common Issues or Risks

Linen can shrink if washed in hot water or exposed to high heat. Fabric softeners and bleach can weaken or blotch the fibres. Excessive washing may cause wear over time. Clip marks or stretching can occur if not dried properly.

Preventative Care

Always follow care label instructions. Spot clean promptly to minimise the need for frequent washing. Avoid using clothespins for drying—lay flat or drape over a drying rack instead. Professional cleaning is recommended for larger items like sofa or chair slipcovers.

Cleaning Instructions

Machine wash on a gentle cycle in lukewarm or cold water using mild detergent. Hand washing in a large sink or bathtub is also suitable. Do not use fabric softener or bleach. Air dry flat in the shade and use a hand steamer if desired to reduce wrinkles.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Avoid hot water, harsh detergents, fabric softeners, and tumble drying on high heat. Do not over-wash. Bleach or whitening agents—even on white linen—can cause permanent blotching and fibre damage.

Characteristics

Fabrics from Olefin fibre are designed to withstand exposure to sun, moisture, and general outdoor conditions. Olefin is a solution-dyed synthetic fibre known for its durability, colourfastness, and quick-drying properties. These fabrics offer excellent resistance to UV rays, mildew, and stains, making them a practical choice for outdoor cushions and upholstery while maintaining a comfortable feel.

Common Issues or Risks

While highly resistant to fading and water, outdoor fabrics can still be affected by prolonged exposure to harsh weather, oils, or improper cleaning products. Residue from sunscreens, plant debris, and organic matter can cause staining or mildew growth if not cleaned promptly. Cushions left damp or stored without proper drying may develop odours or mould over time.

Preventative Care

Shake out or brush off loose dirt regularly to prevent build-up. Store cushions in a dry, shaded area or indoors during prolonged wet weather or heavy UV exposure. Use protective covers when furniture is not in use to extend fabric life. Keep fabric away from sharp edges or abrasive surfaces to avoid snags. Stand cushions upright when drying to allow proper airflow and prevent mildew from forming.

Cleaning Instructions

Blot spills immediately with a clean, dry cloth without rubbing to avoid pushing liquids into the fibres. Clean with a mild soap and water solution using a soft cloth or sponge, rinse thoroughly, and allow to air dry completely. For stubborn stains, use a soft-bristled brush with diluted soap, rinse well, and dry naturally before storing. Machine-wash removable covers at up to 40°C with a mild detergent, line dry in a shaded area, and iron on low heat if required.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Do not use bleach, harsh solvents, or strong chemical cleaners, as they may damage the fibres or protective coating. Avoid prolonged contact with tanning oils, sunscreens, or acidic spills that can lead to discolouration. Do not store cushions while damp, and avoid high heat when ironing or drying. Remove natural debris promptly to prevent staining from plant oils.

Characteristics

Polyester is a durable, synthetic fabric commonly used in both indoor and outdoor settings. Known for its resistance to stretching, wrinkling, and fading, polyester is quick-drying and relatively low maintenance when properly cared for.

Common Issues or Risks

Prolonged exposure to moisture, harsh chemicals, or high heat may affect the fabric’s appearance and performance. Sunscreens, oils, and acidic spills can stain or discolour the surface. Improper storage may lead to odour or mildew development.

Preventative Care

Brush off loose dirt and debris regularly with a soft cloth or vacuum. Use furniture covers during harsh weather or extended storage periods. Avoid prolonged contact with standing water, and store cushions undercover or indoors when not in use.

Cleaning Instructions

For light cleaning, use a mild soap and warm water solution. Gently scrub with a soft cloth or sponge, then rinse thoroughly and air dry. For machine-washable covers, wash in cold or warm water on a gentle cycle and air dry or tumble dry on low. If ironing is required, use a low heat setting.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Do not use bleach, strong chemicals, or high heat, as these may damage the fibres or fade the colour. Avoid storing fabric when damp, and keep away from tanning oils, sunscreens, or acidic spills to prevent staining or surface damage.

Characteristics

Polypropylene rope is a durable, synthetic material designed for outdoor use. It offers resistance to UV rays, moisture, and mildew, making it ideal for coastal and outdoor environments. The rope weave provides strength with a soft, flexible feel.

Common Issues or Risks

Prolonged exposure to salt air, UV rays, and moisture may gradually wear down the rope fibres. Improper handling, harsh cleaning, or abrasion can lead to fraying or stretching. Trapped moisture may cause mould or mildew if not dried properly.

Preventative Care

Store furniture under cover or indoors during prolonged periods of non-use, particularly in extreme weather conditions. Use protective covers when possible to reduce UV and environmental exposure. Avoid dragging or pulling furniture by the rope to prevent loosening or damage.

Cleaning Instructions

Clean regularly using mild soap and water with a soft cloth or sponge. Rinse thoroughly with fresh water to remove all soap residue. Wipe down after exposure to rain or salt air, and allow to air dry completely before covering or storing.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Avoid abrasive cleaners, stiff brushes, oils, harsh chemicals, and direct contact with sharp objects. Do not store the rope while wet, and inspect regularly for wear. Trim any fraying fibres with scissors to maintain the rope’s appearance and integrity.

Characteristics

Sunproof® is a high-performance outdoor fabric engineered for superior UV resistance, water repellence, and durability. It is designed to withstand exposure to sun, moisture, and mildew while maintaining colour vibrancy and softness.

Common Issues or Risks

Prolonged exposure to saltwater, chlorine, or harsh chemicals can degrade the fabric over time. Trapped moisture, particularly during storage, may lead to mildew. High heat or abrasive cleaners can damage protective coatings.

Preventative Care

Vacuum or brush regularly to remove dust and surface debris. Use furniture covers during extended periods of non-use or during heavy rain to prolong fabric life. After exposure to pool or seawater, rinse thoroughly with fresh water to protect the fibres and colour integrity.

Cleaning Instructions

For everyday cleaning, use a soft cloth or sponge with mild soap and lukewarm water. Rinse with clean water and allow to air dry completely. For machine-washable covers, wash on a gentle cycle up to 40°C, then tumble dry on low or air dry in the shade. Iron on a low setting if required.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Do not dry clean, bleach, or use solvents or abrasive cleaners. Avoid ironing at high heat or storing fabric while damp. Always ensure cushions are fully dry before storing to prevent mildew or trapped moisture.

Characteristics

Viscose is a semi-synthetic fabric known for its soft, silky texture and elegant drape. It offers a luxurious appearance but is more delicate than many synthetic or natural fibres, making it better suited to low-traffic indoor areas.

Common Issues or Risks

Viscose is prone to stretching, shrinking, and water spotting if not handled carefully. Excessive heat, moisture, or abrasion can weaken the fibres or cause permanent distortion. Direct sunlight may lead to fading or discolouration over time.

Preventative Care

Use viscose in light-use settings and protect it with fabric sprays formulated to resist moisture and stains (always spot test first). Keep furniture away from direct sunlight and avoid placing sharp or heavy objects directly on the fabric. Vacuum gently or dust regularly to prevent dirt from settling.

Cleaning Instructions

Spot clean immediately with a damp cloth and mild soap, gently blotting rather than rubbing. For removable covers, hand wash in cold water with gentle detergent or use a delicate machine cycle in a mesh laundry bag, if permitted by care label. Air dry flat or hang in the shade, and iron on a low heat setting with a pressing cloth to avoid scorching.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Do not wring, twist, bleach, or tumble dry viscose fabric. Avoid excessive moisture, rubbing, or high heat, as these may damage the fibres, cause shrinkage, or alter the fabric’s texture. Always follow garment or product-specific care labels when provided.

Characteristics

Wool is a natural fibre prized for its softness, warmth, and resilience. It naturally repels dirt and is flame-resistant, making it ideal for interiors—though it requires mindful care to preserve its texture and shape.

Common Issues or Risks

Wool can shrink, felt, or distort when over-saturated with water. It is also sensitive to heat, harsh chemicals, and prolonged sunlight exposure, which can cause fading and fibre degradation.

Preventative Care

Vacuum regularly with a soft brush attachment to prevent dust build-up and fibre matting. Rotate cushions and rugs to promote even wear. Keep wool items away from direct sunlight, high heat, and sharp or rough surfaces. Brush lightly with a soft garment brush to refresh the pile and remove minor pilling.

Cleaning Instructions

Blot spills immediately with a clean, dry cloth—do not rub. For light spot cleaning, use cold water and a small amount of wool-safe detergent. Avoid over-wetting the surface. Professional upholstery or rug cleaning is recommended every 12–18 months with a technician experienced in handling wool.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Do not use bleach, steam cleaners, or high heat. Avoid soaking or scrubbing wool, as this can cause felting and shrinkage. Keep pet claws trimmed to prevent snags or pulls.

Characteristics

Acacia is a dense hardwood valued for its durability, rich grain patterns, and warm tones. Its natural variations in colour, knots, and texture contribute to its organic, rustic appeal, making each piece unique.

Common Issues or Risks

Acacia wood can react to environmental changes—excessive heat, moisture, or humidity fluctuations may cause warping, cracking, or fading. Prolonged exposure to sunlight or heat sources can dry out the timber or alter its colour.

Preventative Care

Place furniture in stable indoor settings, away from direct sunlight, air conditioning, or heaters. Use coasters, placemats, and heat-resistant pads to protect the surface from spills, heat, and scratches. Lift furniture when moving to avoid damaging joints or floors.

Cleaning Instructions

Dust regularly with a soft, dry cloth to highlight the grain and prevent build-up. For general cleaning, use a damp cloth and mild soap, then dry thoroughly to avoid water absorption. Reapply protective oil, wax, or sealant periodically to enhance durability and maintain the wood’s natural tone.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Avoid excessive water, soaking, or the use of harsh chemicals, abrasives, or alcohol-based cleaners. Do not place acacia wood in damp or overly dry environments, and avoid direct exposure to sun or heat to preserve its appearance and integrity.

Characteristics

Antique wood furniture is made from aged timber, often featuring original hand-applied finishes, intricate detailing, and a rich patina developed over time. These unique pieces are valued for their craftsmanship, history, and natural imperfections.

Common Issues or Risks

Due to age and delicate construction, antique wood is more vulnerable to environmental stress. Direct sunlight can fade finishes, while moisture or fluctuations in humidity and temperature may cause warping, shrinking, or cracking. Older finishes may also be sensitive to modern cleaning products.

Preventative Care

Place furniture away from heat sources, air-conditioning, and direct sunlight to preserve both finish and structure. Use coasters, felt pads, and placemats to protect against watermarks and scratches. Apply a high-quality beeswax or antique-safe wax periodically to nourish the wood and maintain a soft sheen. Always lift furniture when moving to avoid stress on joints.

Cleaning Instructions

Dust regularly using a soft, lint-free cloth to prevent dirt build-up. Clean only when necessary with a slightly damp cloth and a mild, pH-neutral soap. Dry immediately to prevent moisture damage. Use a soft brush to reach carved or detailed areas and buff gently to restore lustre.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Avoid harsh chemicals, silicone-based polishes, and abrasive cloths or scrubbers, as they can strip delicate finishes. Do not expose antique wood to excessive moisture or direct heat. Avoid placing heavy or sharp items directly on the surface, and consult a professional for any major repairs or restoration.

Characteristics

Ashwood is a light-toned hardwood valued for its straight grain, smooth texture, and strength. Its clean, neutral look makes it versatile in both contemporary and classic interiors. Natural variations in grain and colour contribute to its distinctive character.

Common Issues or Risks

Ashwood can be sensitive to environmental changes. Prolonged exposure to direct sunlight may cause fading or drying, while excess moisture or humidity fluctuations can result in warping, swelling, or surface dullness.

Preventative Care

Position ashwood furniture in climate-controlled indoor environments away from heat sources, air vents, or direct sunlight. Use coasters, placemats, and protective pads to prevent marks, spills, or scratches. Always lift when moving to protect joints and flooring.

Cleaning Instructions

Dust regularly with a soft, dry cloth. For light cleaning, use a damp cloth with mild soap and wipe dry immediately to avoid water absorption. Reapply oil, wax, or lacquer periodically if required to maintain the finish and enhance the natural grain.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Avoid soaking, standing moisture, and exposure to harsh chemicals, solvents, or abrasive cleaning tools. Do not expose ashwood to extreme humidity or temperature fluctuations, and never drag pieces when repositioning.

Characteristics

Bamboo is a fast-growing natural material known for its strength, lightness, and organic texture. It often features subtle variations in colour and finish, with a natural patina that develops over time, adding to its character.

Common Issues or Risks

Prolonged exposure to moisture or direct sunlight may lead to warping, fading, or cracking. Extreme dryness can cause splitting, while high humidity may result in swelling. Harsh cleaning methods or physical stress can damage the surface or loosen joints and bindings.

Preventative Care

Keep bamboo furniture indoors or in covered outdoor spaces. Use coasters, placemats, and soft pads to protect surfaces from spills, heat, and scratches. Maintain stable humidity levels where possible. Reapply natural oil or wax occasionally to nourish the bamboo and preserve its finish. Check joints and woven bindings periodically and repair or tighten as required.

Cleaning Instructions

Dust regularly using a soft, dry cloth. Clean with a damp cloth and mild soap solution, then dry immediately with a clean towel. Avoid over-wetting or soaking the material.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Do not use harsh chemical cleaners, abrasive tools, or steel wool. Avoid direct sunlight and moisture exposure for extended periods. Do not drag furniture, always lift to move. Store in dry, ventilated conditions to avoid swelling or mould. Avoid placing hot items directly on bamboo surfaces.

Characteristics

Bangkirai is a dense, heavy hardwood known for its strength and natural resistance to weather, pests, and decay. Commonly used in outdoor furniture and decking, it features a rich golden-brown tone that can naturally age to a silver-grey patina over time.

Common Issues or Risks

Like many hardwoods, Bangkirai may develop surface cracks, tonal changes, or slight movement as it responds to environmental conditions. Prolonged contact with water, metal objects, or harsh weather may cause staining, mildew, or discolouration.

Preventative Care

Place Bangkirai furniture on level, well-drained surfaces to avoid water pooling. Use outdoor covers or store indoors when not in use for extended periods or during harsh weather. Avoid prolonged contact with metal items, which may react with the wood’s natural tannins and leave stains. Apply teak or hardwood oil periodically to maintain the colour and integrity of the timber, or allow it to weather naturally.

Cleaning Instructions

Clean regularly with a soft brush or damp cloth to remove dirt and debris. Wash occasionally with a mild soap solution, rinse thoroughly, and dry completely—especially after outdoor use. Lightly sand areas if required to remove surface stains or restore smoothness before re-oiling.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Avoid harsh chemicals, abrasive cleaners, or letting water sit on the surface for extended periods. Do not drag furniture across uneven ground, and avoid exposing the timber to extreme moisture or metal contact that may cause discolouration.

Characteristics

Beech wood is a light-toned hardwood known for its fine, even grain and smooth surface. It offers a clean, modern look and develops a warm patina with age. Its relatively dense structure makes it suitable for both structural and decorative applications.

Common Issues or Risks

Beech is sensitive to moisture and temperature fluctuations. Excess humidity or water exposure may cause swelling, warping, or surface dullness. Prolonged sunlight can fade the wood or lead to brittleness over time.

Preventative Care

Place furniture in stable indoor environments away from direct sunlight, heaters, or damp conditions. Use coasters, placemats, and pads to prevent scratches, heat marks, and spills. Lift pieces when moving to protect joints and avoid surface damage.

Cleaning Instructions

Dust regularly with a soft, dry cloth. For deeper cleaning, use a damp cloth and a mild soap solution, then dry immediately with a clean towel to prevent moisture absorption. Reapply oil, wax, or a compatible finish as required to restore protection and lustre.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Avoid soaking, excessive moisture, or harsh chemical cleaners. Do not use abrasive tools, bleach, or ammonia-based products, as they may damage the finish. Prevent prolonged exposure to direct sun or humidity to preserve the wood’s integrity.

Characteristics

Bodhi figtree wood furniture features striking natural forms, intricate grain patterns, and organic textures. Each piece is entirely unique, showcasing natural imperfections such as cracks, knots, and tonal variation that reflect the raw beauty of the material.

Common Issues or Risks

As a natural, porous timber, Bodhi figtree wood is sensitive to environmental changes. Exposure to direct sunlight or extreme humidity may cause cracking, fading, or warping. Its surface can be easily marked by heavy or sharp objects.

Preventative Care

Keep Bodhi figtree pieces indoors and away from direct sunlight, heat sources, or damp areas. Maintain consistent humidity levels to minimise movement in the timber. Use coasters, placemats, and soft pads to protect against moisture, heat, and scratches. Always lift when moving to avoid stress fractures or structural strain.

Cleaning Instructions

Dust regularly with a soft, dry cloth to highlight the grain and maintain surface cleanliness. For general cleaning, use a damp cloth with mild soap, then dry thoroughly to prevent moisture absorption. Apply a natural oil or wax finish periodically, if suitable, to nourish and protect the wood.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Avoid soaking, harsh chemicals, and abrasive cleaners, which may damage the surface or strip natural finishes. Do not place heavy or sharp objects directly on the timber, and avoid exposing the piece to direct sunlight or extreme moisture fluctuations.

Characteristics

Elm is a hardwood prized for its distinctive grain, durability, and warm, textured character, especially when reclaimed or aged. Each piece bears natural imperfections, knots, and tonal variation that contribute to its organic appeal and evolving patina over time.

Common Issues or Risk

Due to its porous nature, elm can absorb moisture if not properly maintained. Exposure to liquids such as water, wine, or acidic substances can result in stains or marks. Minor cracks and surface movement are a natural response to environmental conditions and are part of elm’s evolving appearance.

Preventative Care

Position elm furniture in dry, climate-stable environments away from direct heat or excessive humidity. Use coasters, mats, and placemats to prevent staining or surface damage. Reapply a suitable oil finish periodically to maintain hydration and surface resilience, particularly on reclaimed or antique elm.

Cleaning Instructions

Dust regularly with a soft, dry cloth or microfibre duster. For occasional deeper cleaning, use a slightly damp cloth and pH-neutral soap, then dry immediately to prevent moisture absorption. Light sanding followed by natural oil application can help restore worn areas or blend minor surface marks.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Avoid harsh chemicals, abrasive scrubbers, and alcohol-based products, which can damage the timber or dull the patina. Do not leave spills, especially water or acidic substances, sitting on the surface. When storing, cover the piece with breathable fabric in a dry space to protect from dust and moisture.

Characteristics

Eucalyptus is a durable hardwood known for its natural density, smooth grain, and warm-toned finish. It is often used in both structural and decorative furniture elements and may be left natural or lightly sealed, depending on the application.

Common Issues or Risks

As a natural material, eucalyptus can respond to environmental conditions with small surface cracks, movement, or tonal variations. These are normal and add to the organic character of the timber. Without proper care, the finish may become dull or weathered over time.

Preventative Care

Place eucalyptus furniture in covered or protected areas if used outdoors. Maintain stable moisture and temperature conditions where possible. Apply a suitable timber oil or finish occasionally to preserve the surface and minimise drying or fading.

Cleaning Instructions

Dust regularly with a soft cloth. For general cleaning, use a damp cloth with mild soap and dry immediately. Light surface marks can be gently buffed or sanded and treated with a compatible finish. Eucalyptus poles may be cleaned with a high-pressure water spray to remove dirt and surface build-up.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Avoid harsh chemical cleaners, alcohol-based products, or abrasive scrubbers, as these can damage the timber or strip protective finishes. Do not leave eucalyptus exposed to standing water or prolonged wet conditions. Always allow timber to dry completely before covering or storing.

Characteristics

Gelam wood is a dense, fine-grained hardwood appreciated for its durability and subtle organic texture. Each piece features natural grain variation and minor imperfections, contributing to its unique, earthy appearance.

Common Issues or Risks

Like most timbers, Gelam wood is sensitive to moisture and environmental changes. Prolonged exposure to direct sunlight, excess humidity, or rapid temperature shifts may lead to fading, cracking, warping, or expansion.

Preventative Care

Position Gelam furniture indoors or in well-sheltered areas away from direct sunlight, damp conditions, or heat sources. Use coasters, placemats, and heat-resistant pads to protect against spills, scratches, and heat marks. Always lift furniture when moving to prevent structural strain or surface damage.

Cleaning Instructions

Dust regularly with a soft, dry cloth to maintain a clean surface and preserve the natural finish. For deeper cleaning, use a damp cloth with mild soap, then dry immediately to prevent water absorption. Reapply a suitable oil or sealant periodically to nourish the timber and protect its surface.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Avoid harsh chemicals, solvents, abrasive cleaners, or soaking the wood. Do not expose Gelam wood to prolonged direct sunlight or extreme humidity. Prevent dragging heavy or sharp objects across the surface, and store in a stable, dry environment.

Characteristics

Mahogany is a dense, durable hardwood prized for its fine grain, rich reddish-brown tone, and smooth surface. It is commonly used in high-quality furniture and develops a deeper, more lustrous colour over time, enhancing its elegance and character.

Common Issues or Risks

Mahogany can fade or discolour with prolonged exposure to sunlight. It may also expand or contract with changes in humidity. While durable, the surface can be scratched or dulled by improper cleaning or sharp impacts.

Preventative Care

Place mahogany furniture in stable indoor environments, away from direct sunlight and sources of heat or moisture. Use coasters, placemats, and protective pads to prevent spills, heat marks, and surface scratches. Always lift objects when moving them to avoid dragging or denting.

Cleaning Instructions

Dust regularly with a soft, dry cloth to maintain surface clarity and highlight the wood’s natural sheen. For deeper cleaning, use a damp cloth with mild soap, then dry immediately. Polish occasionally with a high-quality furniture wax or oil to protect the finish and enrich the timber’s colour.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Avoid using harsh chemicals, alcohol-based cleaners, or abrasives, as these can damage the finish. Do not soak the wood or expose it to extreme humidity or temperature changes. Protect from sharp or heavy objects that may dent, scratch, or chip the surface.

Characteristics

Mango wood is a sustainable hardwood known for its rich grain, warm tone, and distinctive natural markings. Each piece may feature variations in colour, knots, or texture, giving it an organic, handcrafted look.

Common Issues or Risks

Mango wood can react to environmental changes—prolonged exposure to direct sunlight or fluctuations in humidity may lead to fading, surface cracks, or slight movement in the timber. Moisture left on the surface may cause warping or staining.

Preventative Care

Place mango wood furniture in climate-stable indoor settings, away from direct sunlight, heat sources, or damp conditions. Use coasters, placemats, and heat-resistant pads to protect surfaces from spills, hot objects, and scratches. Always lift when repositioning to avoid stress on joints or scratching floors.

Cleaning Instructions

Dust regularly with a soft, dry cloth to maintain a clean surface. For routine cleaning, use a damp cloth and mild soap, then dry thoroughly to prevent moisture damage. Reapply a natural oil or wax finish as required to preserve the wood’s appearance and nourish the surface.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Avoid soaking, standing moisture, or the use of harsh chemical cleaners, polish sprays, or abrasives. Do not expose mango wood to extreme dryness, high humidity, or direct sunlight for prolonged periods, as this may lead to surface damage or changes in tone.

Characteristics

Mindi wood is a lightweight yet durable hardwood with a fine, even grain and warm natural tone. Often used for its stability and workability, mindi holds finishes well and offers a polished appearance suitable for a wide range of interior settings.

Common Issues or Risks

Mindi is moderately porous and can absorb moisture if exposed for extended periods. This may lead to warping or surface damage. The finish may also show signs of wear over time, particularly in high-use areas, and is sensitive to harsh or abrasive cleaning agents.

Preventative Care

Keep mindi furniture in dry, temperature-stable environments. Avoid direct exposure to moisture, heat sources, or harsh light. Use coasters, placemats, and protective pads to prevent scratches, stains, and heat marks. For long-term protection, reapply a suitable water-based sealant if the finish begins to show signs of dullness or wear.

Cleaning Instructions

Dust regularly with a soft, dry cloth or microfibre duster. For general cleaning, use a slightly damp cloth and mild, non-abrasive soap. Wipe dry immediately to avoid moisture absorption. Light scuffs or marks can be touched up with a matching stain and blended with a soft cloth.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Do not use harsh chemical cleaners, ammonia-based products, or abrasive scrubbers. Avoid excessive moisture or soaking, which can cause swelling or warping. For any refinishing or resealing, sanding and sealing should be done with care and ideally by someone with experience. When storing, keep in a dry, well-ventilated space and cover with breathable fabric to protect against dust and humidity.

Characteristics

Munggur is a natural hardwood known for its organic grain, rich tone, and sculptural presence. Each piece is crafted from solid timber and may feature inherent characteristics such as knots, grain variation, and moisture marks, which add to its natural beauty and individuality.

Common Issues or Risks

Due to the timber’s moisture content, water blemishes may appear during transport or shortly after delivery—this is normal and part of the natural ageing process. Over time, natural tannins may leach from the wood, particularly when placed on soft or absorbent surfaces. Exposure to excess moisture or poor ventilation may lead to discolouration or mould.

Preventative Care

Place munggur furniture on hard flooring or use a protective barrier, such as a thick plastic sheet or liner, if positioning on carpet or rugs. Ensure the item is kept in a well-ventilated area to help regulate internal moisture. Avoid prolonged contact with water and ensure the piece is not stored in enclosed, damp environments.

Cleaning Instructions

Wipe with a dry or slightly damp soft cloth to remove dust and surface marks. Avoid excessive water, harsh chemicals, or cleaning sprays. Allow to dry naturally after wiping.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Do not place directly on soft flooring without protection, as staining from tannins is possible. Avoid using abrasive cleaners or excessive moisture. If surface blemishes occur, lightly resand using medium-grit followed by fine-grit sandpaper to restore the finish.

Characteristics

Natural timber offers warmth, texture, and individuality through its grain patterns, colour variation, and occasional knots. Unfinished or lightly finished timber is more porous and responsive to environmental conditions, which contributes to its organic aesthetic but requires thoughtful care.

Common Issues or Risks

Timber is vulnerable to moisture, mould growth, and humidity-related expansion or contraction. Without protective coatings, the surface can absorb contaminants and degrade more easily. Mould can embed into the grain if not treated promptly. Damaged or stained timber may become rough, marked, or discoloured over time.

Preventative Care

Maintain good airflow in display and storage areas to minimise humidity and reduce the risk of mould or mildew. Act quickly at the first sign of mould—use a specialised mould remover to prevent it from penetrating the wood. Position timber away from damp environments and avoid direct exposure to excessive moisture or prolonged humidity.

Cleaning Instructions

Use a soft, dry cloth to remove dust. At the first sign of mould, treat the affected area with a mould remover suitable for timber. For unfinished surfaces, light sanding with fine-grit sandpaper may assist in restoring the appearance. Always dry the timber thoroughly after cleaning.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Do not leave timber in damp, humid, or enclosed environments. Avoid soaking, steam cleaning, or using harsh chemicals on unfinished timber. If deeper restoration is required, sanding and refinishing should be carried out by a professional to ensure the integrity and finish of the piece are preserved.

Characteristics

Oak is a strong, timeless hardwood known for its pronounced grain, natural variation, and long-lasting durability. European oak and weathered oak showcase rich textural depth, while oak veneer offers a similar look with a lighter structural footprint. All variations are prone to developing a soft patina and occasional fine cracks over time, adding to their organic beauty.

Common Issues or Risks

Oak is sensitive to environmental changes. Exposure to direct sunlight, damp flooring, or fluctuating humidity can cause fading, warping, splitting, or uneven surface wear. Veneer finishes may lift or bubble if exposed to excess moisture or heat.

Preventative Care

Place oak furniture indoors or in well-sheltered areas away from sunlight, heaters, or damp conditions. Maintain airflow around each piece and avoid placing furniture directly against walls or over vents. Use coasters, placemats, and trivets to protect surfaces from heat, moisture, and staining. Fit felt pads under legs to prevent floor damage and reduce stress on joinery. Rotate decorative objects regularly to encourage even ageing of the timber.

Cleaning Instructions

Dust frequently with a clean, lint-free cloth to prevent build-up. For light cleaning, use a damp cloth with a mild, pH-neutral soap and wipe dry immediately with a soft towel, following the direction of the grain. Spills should be cleaned promptly using a slightly damp cloth. For sticky residue, use a diluted natural soap solution and dry thoroughly.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Avoid harsh chemicals, bleach, acidic cleaners (like vinegar), and abrasive tools, which may damage the surface or strip protective finishes. Do not expose oak to prolonged moisture or direct heat sources. Never drag furniture, always lift to prevent surface damage or joint stress.

Characteristics

Paulownia is a lightweight, fast-growing timber known for its pale colour, soft texture, and distinctive grain patterns. Its organic, airy appearance makes it ideal for decorative and occasional furniture, with natural variations in tone and knots that enhance its charm.

Common Issues or Risks

As a soft and porous wood, paulownia is more vulnerable to dents, scratches, and moisture absorption. Prolonged exposure to sunlight may cause fading or brittleness, while damp or humid environments can lead to warping or swelling.

Preventative Care

Place paulownia furniture in dry, stable indoor environments away from direct sunlight or high humidity. Use coasters, placemats, and protective pads to prevent stains, heat marks, and surface damage. Always lift when moving to avoid weakening joints or scratching the finish.

Cleaning Instructions

Dust regularly with a soft, dry cloth. For general cleaning, use a damp cloth with mild soap, then dry immediately to prevent moisture absorption. Reapply a protective oil or sealant periodically, if applicable, to preserve the surface and bring out the natural grain.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Avoid soaking, excess moisture, or the use of harsh chemicals and abrasive cleaning tools. Do not place in damp areas or expose to direct heat or sunlight for extended periods. Handle with care, as paulownia is softer than many hardwoods and may mark easily.

Characteristics

Reclaimed boat timber features a rich history, marked by weathered textures, aged paint remnants, nail holes, and surface imperfections that showcase its previous life. Each piece is unique and offers an authentically rustic, layered appearance with a patina that continues to evolve over time.

Common Issues or Risks

Due to its porous and aged nature, reclaimed wood is sensitive to moisture and humidity changes. Excessive wetness can lead to swelling or splitting, while harsh cleaners may damage the original paint layers or finish. Direct sunlight and heat may cause fading, drying, or cracking. The weathered finish may be more susceptible to chipping under pressure.

Preventative Care

Place furniture away from direct sunlight and extreme heat sources. Use coasters, placemats, and soft pads to protect against spills, heat, and surface scratches. Maintain consistent indoor humidity levels to minimise movement or cracking in the wood. Apply a clear furniture wax or sealant occasionally, if desired, to enhance surface protection without compromising the original character.

Cleaning Instructions

Dust regularly with a soft, dry cloth. For light cleaning, gently wipe with a damp cloth and mild soap solution, then dry thoroughly. Avoid over-wetting the surface, as reclaimed wood is naturally more absorbent.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Do not use abrasive cleaners or harsh chemicals. Avoid dragging items across the surface to prevent chipping the aged finish. Do not leave the piece in environments with high humidity or direct sun. Handle with care, especially in areas with layered or delicate textures.

Characteristics

Reclaimed pine is a character-rich softwood salvaged from older structures, offering visible grain variation, nail holes, and aged imperfections. Each piece is unique, with a naturally weathered surface that adds warmth and authenticity.

Common Issues or Risks

Due to its porous nature, reclaimed pine is more susceptible to moisture absorption, which can lead to staining, swelling, or warping. It may dry out or crack if placed in direct sunlight or near heat sources. The surface may splinter if scratched or dragged.

Preventative Care

Keep furniture in stable indoor environments with consistent humidity. Avoid placing near radiators, fireplaces, or windows with direct sun exposure. Use coasters, placemats, and protective pads to prevent heat marks, spills, and surface scratches. Lift objects when moving them to avoid catching on textured areas.

Cleaning Instructions

Dust regularly with a soft, dry cloth to maintain the surface and preserve the natural patina. For general cleaning, use a slightly damp cloth with mild soap, then dry thoroughly. Reapply a suitable wax or oil finish periodically to nourish the timber and protect its aged look.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Avoid excess water, polish sprays, harsh chemicals, or abrasives, as these may damage the finish or strip protective coatings. Do not drag objects across the surface, and avoid high-humidity or damp environments, which may cause expansion or movement in the timber.

Characteristics

Reclaimed teak retains the natural density, durability, and high oil content of teak, but carries the distinctive marks of its previous life. These may include knots, insect markings, gum pockets, textured overgrowths, and black stains from historic water exposure and tannin reactions. Its patina, varied grain, and organic imperfections are authentic features that reflect the timber’s history.

Common Issues or Risks

Surface tones, textures, and imperfections will vary from piece to piece. Prolonged exposure to moisture, direct sunlight, or extreme temperature changes may cause fading, drying, or surface cracks. Natural movement and colour shifts can occur as the timber acclimatises to its environment.

Preventative Care

Keep reclaimed teak in well-ventilated, sheltered spaces when not designed for full outdoor use. Use coasters, placemats, and risers to prevent stains, heat marks, and moisture build-up. Avoid placing near direct heat sources or air-conditioning vents.

Cleaning Instructions

Dust with a soft cloth or brush. For general cleaning, use a mild soap solution and a damp cloth, then dry thoroughly, wiping in the direction of the grain. Oils are generally not necessary but can be applied sparingly if a refreshed golden tone is preferred.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Do not soak, pressure wash, or use harsh chemicals, bleach, or abrasive pads. Avoid over-oiling to preserve the timber’s patina and aged finish.

Characteristics

Rubberwood is a sustainable hardwood with a smooth grain and uniform appearance. Known for its durability and eco-friendly sourcing, it features natural colour variations and subtle grain patterns that enhance its warm, clean aesthetic.

Common Issues or Risks

Rubberwood is moderately porous and can absorb moisture, which may lead to swelling, warping, or finish damage. Exposure to direct sunlight may cause fading, drying, or discolouration over time. Extreme humidity changes may lead to expansion or contraction.

Preventative Care

Keep rubberwood furniture in dry, climate-stable indoor environments. Avoid placing near heaters, air conditioners, or in direct sunlight. Use coasters, placemats, and pads to protect from moisture, heat, and surface scratches. Lift furniture when moving to avoid joint stress or damage.

Cleaning Instructions

Dust regularly with a soft, dry cloth to prevent build-up. For general cleaning, use a damp cloth with mild soap, then dry thoroughly to avoid moisture absorption. Reapply protective finishes such as oil, wax, or sealant as required to maintain durability and appearance.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Avoid oversaturating the surface, soaking, or using harsh chemicals, solvents, or abrasive tools. Do not expose the furniture to prolonged direct sunlight or extreme humidity changes. Prevent standing water or hot objects from coming into direct contact with the timber.

Characteristics

Sungkai is a pale-toned hardwood known for its straight grain and smooth finish. Often used for indoor furniture, it offers a refined, matte appearance and may subtly change colour over time as it naturally ages.

Common Issues or Risks

Sungkai is not suitable for full outdoor use or areas with high humidity. Excess moisture, rain, or prolonged sunlight can cause fading, warping, or cracking. Its light tone can also be prone to surface staining or yellowing if not properly maintained.

Preventative Care

Keep sungkai furniture indoors or in well-sheltered areas. Avoid placing in direct sunlight or near moisture sources. Use coasters, placemats, and soft pads to protect against spills, scratches, and heat marks. Apply natural wax periodically to preserve the matte finish and minimise yellowing.

Cleaning Instructions

Dust regularly with a clean, soft cloth. For light cleaning, use a damp cloth and mild, natural soap. Sticky residue can be gently removed with a diluted soap solution, followed by a clean, damp cloth. Always dry immediately and wipe in the direction of the grain.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Avoid prolonged sun exposure, high humidity, or contact with liquids. Do not use harsh chemicals, abrasive tools, or polish sprays. Wipe up spills immediately to prevent stains or discolouration, and handle with care to preserve the clean surface finish.

Characteristics

Teak is a dense hardwood with a naturally high oil content, making it highly resistant to moisture, decay, and pests. Its surface may vary in tone and texture, with reclaimed and antique pieces showing unique patina and organic imperfections that evolve over time.

Common Issues or Risks

Prolonged exposure to moisture, direct sun, or fluctuating temperatures may cause drying, fading, or surface cracks. Branch teak contains more porous sapwood and is especially sensitive to humidity. Reclaimed and root teak may shift or lighten with exposure.

Preventative Care

Keep teak furniture in well-ventilated, sheltered spaces when not designed for full outdoor use. Plantation teak can be left outdoors and will weather to a silver-grey. Use coasters, placemats, and risers to prevent stains, heat marks, or moisture build-up. Avoid placing pieces near direct heat or air conditioning.

Cleaning Instructions

Dust regularly with a soft cloth or brush. For general cleaning, use mild soap diluted in water and a damp cloth, then dry thoroughly. Always clean in the direction of the grain. Teak oil can be used to restore golden tones, but should not be applied to weathered surfaces if the grey patina is preferred.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Avoid soaking, pressure washing, or using harsh chemicals, bleach, or abrasive pads. Do not oil reclaimed pieces intended to maintain a rustic or aged look. Branch teak should be monitored in humid settings due to its higher moisture sensitivity.

Characteristics

Hydro-dipping, or water-transfer printing, applies a decorative coating to a solid surface, creating a smooth, patterned finish. This printed layer is sealed for protection but requires careful handling to preserve its clarity, colour, and detail over time.

Common Issues or Risks

The hydro-dipped surface can be scratched or dulled by abrasion, harsh chemicals, or UV exposure. Prolonged contact with moisture or solvents may cause peeling, discolouration, or surface damage. Sharp impacts or dragging can chip or crack the printed coating.

Preventative Care

Use coasters, placemats, and protective pads on high-use surfaces to guard against scratches, spills, and heat. Avoid placing sharp or heavy items directly on the finish. Keep the piece out of prolonged direct sunlight to prevent fading, and store under cover if used outdoors.

Cleaning Instructions

Dust regularly with a soft, dry cloth. For general cleaning, wipe gently with a damp cloth and mild soap solution. Dry thoroughly after cleaning. Avoid soaking the surface, and never use abrasive cloths or sponges, which may scratch or dull the design.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Do not use alcohol, ammonia, solvent-based cleaners, or bleach, as these can damage or strip the printed layer. Avoid dragging objects across the surface, and protect from high impact. Extended outdoor exposure to UV and moisture should be avoided unless the piece is under cover.

Characteristics

Painted furniture provides a smooth, uniform surface with a decorative colour finish. Depending on the type of paint used, the finish may be matte, satin, or gloss. While protective, painted surfaces require careful handling to prevent chipping, scuffing, or discolouration over time.

Common Issues or Risks

Painted finishes are sensitive to moisture, heat, and abrasive contact. Prolonged exposure to sunlight can cause fading, yellowing, or peeling. Chips and scratches may expose the underlying material, compromising the protective layer.

Preventative Care

Place painted furniture indoors in dry, stable environments, away from direct sunlight and heat sources. Use coasters, placemats, and protective pads to shield the surface from hot, wet, or abrasive objects. Always lift items rather than dragging to avoid scratches.

Cleaning Instructions

Dust regularly with a soft, dry cloth to maintain a clean surface. For routine cleaning, use a damp cloth and mild soap, then dry immediately. Blot spills gently without rubbing to prevent staining or damaging the paint. Touch up minor chips with matching paint if necessary, testing first in an inconspicuous area.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Avoid harsh chemicals, alcohol-based products, or abrasive tools, as these can strip or dull the paint. Do not soak the surface or expose it to excessive humidity or heat. Prevent contact with hot or wet items, which may cause blistering, discolouration, or peeling.

Characteristics

Shou Sugi Ban is a traditional Japanese wood preservation method that involves charring the timber surface to enhance durability and create a distinctive, textured aesthetic. The finish may be sealed with oil or a protective coating to maintain structure and deepen its visual impact.

Common Issues or Risks

The charred surface, while durable, can be sensitive to abrasion, moisture, and harsh cleaners. Prolonged sun exposure or excessive rubbing may fade or wear down the finish. Over time, a natural patina and soft wear marks may develop, contributing to the unique character of the piece.

Preventative Care

Keep furniture in stable indoor environments away from direct sunlight and moisture. Use coasters, placemats, and protective pads to shield against heat, spills, and scratches. Avoid placing sharp or heavy objects directly on the surface, and always lift when moving items.

Cleaning Instructions

Dust regularly with a soft, dry cloth to maintain the textured surface. For light cleaning, use a damp cloth with water only—avoid excess moisture and always dry thoroughly. Blot any spills immediately with a soft, dry cloth; do not rub, as this may wear the finish.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Avoid soaking, abrasive pads, or harsh chemical cleaners, which can damage the charred layer or strip protective treatments. Do not expose to direct sun or humidity extremes for extended periods. Re-oil or reseal periodically, depending on the original finish, to maintain colour depth and surface integrity.

Characteristics

Stained finishes enhance the natural grain and colour of timber while providing a protective, semi-transparent layer. This finish allows the texture and variation of the wood to show through, offering warmth and depth across a variety of tones and sheens.

Common Issues or Risks

Stained finishes are vulnerable to scratches, water marks, and fading if not properly cared for. Prolonged sun exposure or humidity changes may lead to discolouration, warping, or surface dullness. The stain may also wear over time with frequent use.

Preventative Care

Keep stained furniture in dry, stable indoor environments, away from direct sunlight and heat sources. Use coasters, placemats, and heat-resistant pads to protect the surface from moisture, heat, and abrasions. Always lift objects rather than dragging them across the surface.

Cleaning Instructions

Dust regularly with a soft, dry cloth. For general cleaning, use a damp cloth and mild soap solution, then dry immediately to prevent water damage. Wipe spills promptly to avoid staining or damaging the timber beneath. Reapply furniture wax or polish occasionally, if suitable, to maintain sheen and surface protection.

Cautions / What to Avoid

Avoid soaking, harsh chemicals, alcohol-based products, or abrasive pads, which can strip or dull the stained surface. Do not expose to extreme humidity or prolonged direct sunlight, as this may cause uneven fading or damage. Touch up minor marks with a matching stain pen or suitable polish as required.